# Research Database Profiles:

### Software

• M. Quayle, K. Durrheim, and L. Tooke, The virtual interaction application (viappl): software for running experiments with interaction and social networks, Software.
@Misc{Quayle2015,
author = {Quayle, M and Durrheim, K. and Tooke, L.},
title = {The Virtual Interaction APPlication (VIAPPL): Software for running experiments with interaction and social networks},
year = {Software},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
timestamp = {2016.12.05},
url = {http://www.viappl.org},
}

### Preprint

• S. C. Fennell, J. P. Gleeson, M. Quayle, K. Durrheim, and K. Burke, “A modelling methodology for social interaction experiments,” , Preprint.
Analysis of temporal network data arising from online interactive social experiments is not possible with standard statistical methods because the assumptions of these models, such as independence of observations, are not satisfied. In this paper, we outline a modelling methodology for such experiments where, as an example, we analyse data collected using the Virtual Interaction Application (VIAPPL) –- a software platform for conducting experiments that reveal how social norms and identities emerge through social interaction. We apply our model to show that ingroup favouritism and reciprocity are present in the experiments, and to quantify the strengthening of these behaviours over time. Our method enables us to identify participants whose behaviour is markedly different from the norm. We use the method to provide a visualisation of the data that highlights the level of ingroup favouritism, the strong reciprocal relationships, and the different behaviour of participants in the game. While our methodology was developed with VIAPPL in mind, its usage extends to any type of social interaction data.
@Article{Fennell2019,
author = {Susan C. Fennell and James P. Gleeson and Michael Quayle and Kevin Durrheim and Kevin Burke},
title = {A modelling methodology for social interaction experiments},
year = {Preprint},
abstract = {Analysis of temporal network data arising from online interactive social experiments is not possible with standard statistical methods because the assumptions of these models, such as independence of observations, are not satisfied. In this paper, we outline a modelling methodology for such experiments where, as an example, we analyse data collected using the Virtual Interaction Application (VIAPPL) --- a software platform for conducting experiments that reveal how social norms and identities emerge through social interaction. We apply our model to show that ingroup favouritism and reciprocity are present in the experiments, and to quantify the strengthening of these behaviours over time. Our method enables us to identify participants whose behaviour is markedly different from the norm. We use the method to provide a visualisation of the data that highlights the level of ingroup favouritism, the strong reciprocal relationships, and the different behaviour of participants in the game. While our methodology was developed with VIAPPL in mind, its usage extends to any type of social interaction data.},
date = {2019-08-07},
eprint = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1908.02586v1},
eprintclass = {stat.AP},
eprinttype = {arXiv},
file = {:http\://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.02586v1:PDF},
keywords = {stat.AP},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1908.02586v1},
}
• M. Quayle, “A performative network theory of attitudes,” Psyarxiv, Preprint. doi:10.31234/osf.io/mh4z8
@Article{Quayle2020a,
author = {Michael Quayle},
title = {A performative network theory of attitudes},
journal = {PsyArXiv},
year = {Preprint},
month = {mar},
doi = {10.31234/osf.io/mh4z8},
url = {https://psyarxiv.com/mh4z8},
}
• D. Carpentras, A. Dinkelberg, and M. Quayle, “A new degree of freedom for opinion dynamics models: the arbitrariness of scales,” Arxiv, Preprint.
Opinion dynamics models have been developed to study and predict the evolution of public opinion. Intensive research has been carried out on these models, especially exploring the different rules and topologies, which can be considered two degrees of freedom of these models. In this paper we introduce what can be considered a third degree of freedom. Since it is not possible to directly access someone’s opinions without measuring them, we always need to choose a way to transform real world opinions (e.g. being anti-Trump) into numbers. However, the properties of this transformation are usually not discussed in opinion dynamics literature. For example, it would be fundamental to know if this transformation of opinions into numbers should be unique, or if several are possible; and in the latter case, how the choice of the scale would affect the model dynamics. In this article we explore this question by using the knowledge developed in psychometrics. This field has been studying how to transform psychological constructs (such as opinions) into numbers for more than 100 years. We start by introducing this phenomenon by looking at a simple example in opinion dynamics. Then we provide the necessary mathematical background and analyze three opinion dynamics models introduced by Hegselmann and Krause. Finally, we test the models using agent-based simulations both in the case of perfect scales (infinite precision) and in the case of real world scales. Both in the theoretical analysis and in the simulations, we show how the choice of the scale (even in the case of perfect accuracy and precision) can strongly change the model’s dynamics. Indeed, by choosing a different scale it is possible to (1) find different numbers of final opinion clusters, (2) change the mean value of the final opinion distribution up to a change of $\pm 100 \%$ and (3) even transform one model into another.
@Article{Carpentras2020,
author = {Dino Carpentras and Alejandro Dinkelberg and Michael Quayle},
title = {A new degree of freedom for opinion dynamics models: the arbitrariness of scales},
journal = {ArXiv},
year = {Preprint},
abstract = {Opinion dynamics models have been developed to study and predict the evolution of public opinion. Intensive research has been carried out on these models, especially exploring the different rules and topologies, which can be considered two degrees of freedom of these models. In this paper we introduce what can be considered a third degree of freedom. Since it is not possible to directly access someone's opinions without measuring them, we always need to choose a way to transform real world opinions (e.g. being anti-Trump) into numbers. However, the properties of this transformation are usually not discussed in opinion dynamics literature. For example, it would be fundamental to know if this transformation of opinions into numbers should be unique, or if several are possible; and in the latter case, how the choice of the scale would affect the model dynamics. In this article we explore this question by using the knowledge developed in psychometrics. This field has been studying how to transform psychological constructs (such as opinions) into numbers for more than 100 years. We start by introducing this phenomenon by looking at a simple example in opinion dynamics. Then we provide the necessary mathematical background and analyze three opinion dynamics models introduced by Hegselmann and Krause. Finally, we test the models using agent-based simulations both in the case of perfect scales (infinite precision) and in the case of real world scales. Both in the theoretical analysis and in the simulations, we show how the choice of the scale (even in the case of perfect accuracy and precision) can strongly change the model's dynamics. Indeed, by choosing a different scale it is possible to (1) find different numbers of final opinion clusters, (2) change the mean value of the final opinion distribution up to a change of $\pm 100 \%$ and (3) even transform one model into another.},
date = {2020-10-09},
eprint = {2010.04788},
eprintclass = {physics.soc-ph},
eprinttype = {arXiv},
file = {:http\://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.04788v1:PDF},
keywords = {physics.soc-ph, math.DS, 68Q80},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.04788},
}
• A. Dinkelberg, D. O’Sullivan, M. Quayle, and P. MacCarron, “Detecting opinion-based groups and polarisation in survey-based attitude networks and estimating question relevance,” , Preprint.
[BibTeX] [Abstract]
Network visualisation, drawn from attitudinal survey data, exposes the structure of opinion-based groups. We make use of these network projections to identify the groups reliably through community detection algorithms and to examine social-identity-based polarisation. Our goal is to present a method for revealing polarisation in attitudinal surveys. This method can be broken down into the following steps: data preparation, construction of similarity-based networks, algorithmic identification of opinion-based groups, and identification of important items for community structure. We examine the method’s performance and possible scope through applying it to empirical data and to a broad range of synthetic data sets. The empirical data application points out possible conclusions (i.e., social-identity polarization), whereas the synthetic data sets marks out the method’s boundaries. Next to an application example on political attitude survey, our results suggest that the method works for various surveys but is also moderated by the efficacy of the community detection algorithms. Concerning the identification of opinion-based groups, we provide a solid method to rank the item’s influence on group formation and as a group identifier. We discuss how this network approach for identifying polarization can classify non-overlapping opinion-based groups even in the absence of extreme opinions.
@Article{Dinkelberg2021a,
author = {Alejandro Dinkelberg and David O'Sullivan and Michael Quayle and Pádraig MacCarron},
title = {Detecting opinion-based groups and polarisation in survey-based attitude networks and estimating question relevance},
year = {Preprint},
month = apr,
abstract = {Network visualisation, drawn from attitudinal survey data, exposes the structure of opinion-based groups. We make use of these network projections to identify the groups reliably through community detection algorithms and to examine social-identity-based polarisation. Our goal is to present a method for revealing polarisation in attitudinal surveys. This method can be broken down into the following steps: data preparation, construction of similarity-based networks, algorithmic identification of opinion-based groups, and identification of important items for community structure. We examine the method's performance and possible scope through applying it to empirical data and to a broad range of synthetic data sets. The empirical data application points out possible conclusions (i.e., social-identity polarization), whereas the synthetic data sets marks out the method's boundaries. Next to an application example on political attitude survey, our results suggest that the method works for various surveys but is also moderated by the efficacy of the community detection algorithms. Concerning the identification of opinion-based groups, we provide a solid method to rank the item's influence on group formation and as a group identifier. We discuss how this network approach for identifying polarization can classify non-overlapping opinion-based groups even in the absence of extreme opinions.},
archiveprefix = {arXiv},
eprint = {2104.14427},
file = {:http\://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.14427v3:PDF},
keywords = {physics.soc-ph, 90C35},
primaryclass = {physics.soc-ph},
}
• P. MacCarron, P. J. Maher, and M. Quayle, “Identifying opinion-based groups from survey data: a bipartite network approach,” , Preprint.
[BibTeX] [Abstract]
A survey can be represented by a bipartite network as it has two types of nodes, participants and items in which participants can only interact with items. We introduce an agreement threshold to take a minimal projection of the participants linked by shared responses in order to identify opinion-based groups. We show that in American National Election Studies-data, this can identify polarisation along political attitudes. We also take a projection of attitudes that are linked by how participants respond to them. This can be used to show which attitudes are commonly held together in different countries or communities.
@Article{MacCarron2020a,
author = {Pádraig MacCarron and Paul J. Maher and Michael Quayle},
title = {Identifying opinion-based groups from survey data: a bipartite network approach},
year = {Preprint},
month = dec,
abstract = {A survey can be represented by a bipartite network as it has two types of nodes, participants and items in which participants can only interact with items. We introduce an agreement threshold to take a minimal projection of the participants linked by shared responses in order to identify opinion-based groups. We show that in American National Election Studies-data, this can identify polarisation along political attitudes. We also take a projection of attitudes that are linked by how participants respond to them. This can be used to show which attitudes are commonly held together in different countries or communities.},
archiveprefix = {arXiv},
eprint = {2012.11392},
file = {:http\://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.11392v1:PDF},
keywords = {cs.SI, physics.soc-ph, 90C35},
primaryclass = {cs.SI},
}

### In Press

• C. O’Reilly and M. Quayle, “Gender inequalities in time spent doing housework by children in ireland: a nationally representative sample across two time points,” Infant and child development, In Press. doi:10.1002/icd.2246
[BibTeX]
@Article{OReilly2021,
author = {O'Reilly, Caoimhe and Quayle, Michael},
journal = {Infant and Child Development},
title = {Gender Inequalities in Time Spent Doing Housework by Children in Ireland: A Nationally Representative Sample Across two Time Points},
year = {In Press},
doi = {10.1002/icd.2246},
}

### 2021

• S. C. Fennell, K. Burke, M. Quayle, and J. P. Gleeson, “A generalised mean-field approximation for the deffuant opinion dynamics model on networks,” Physical review e, 2021. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.103.012314
[BibTeX] [Abstract]
When the interactions of agents on a network are assumed to follow the Deffuant opinion dynamics model, the outcomes are known to depend on the structure of the underlying network. This behavior cannot be captured by existing mean-field approximations for the Deffuant model. In this paper, a generalised mean-field approximation is derived that accounts for the effects of network topology on Deffuant dynamics through the degree distribution or community structure of the network. The accuracy of the approximation is examined by comparison with large-scale Monte Carlo simulations on both synthetic and real-world networks.
@Article{Fennell2020,
author = {Susan C. Fennell and Kevin Burke and Michael Quayle and James P. Gleeson},
journal = {Physical Review E},
title = {A generalised mean-field approximation for the Deffuant opinion dynamics model on networks},
year = {2021},
abstract = {When the interactions of agents on a network are assumed to follow the Deffuant opinion dynamics model, the outcomes are known to depend on the structure of the underlying network. This behavior cannot be captured by existing mean-field approximations for the Deffuant model. In this paper, a generalised mean-field approximation is derived that accounts for the effects of network topology on Deffuant dynamics through the degree distribution or community structure of the network. The accuracy of the approximation is examined by comparison with large-scale Monte Carlo simulations on both synthetic and real-world networks.},
date = {2020-07-28},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.103.012314},
eprint = {2007.14151},
eprinttype = {arXi},
file = {:http\://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.14151v1:PDF},
}
• A. Nightingale, O. Muldoon, and M. Quayle, “The transnational patriot: celebrating cultural diversity between nation-states while promoting hostility toward diversity within nation-states,” European psychologist, 2021. doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000416
@Article{Nightingale2020,
author = {Alastair Nightingale and Orla Muldoon and Michael Quayle},
journal = {European Psychologist},
title = {The Transnational Patriot: Celebrating Cultural Diversity Between Nation-States While Promoting Hostility Toward Diversity Within Nation-States},
year = {2021},
doi = {10.1027/1016-9040/a000416},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000416},
}
• A. Dinkelberg, P. MacCarron, P. J. Maher, and M. Quayle, “Homophily dynamics outweigh network topology in an extended axelrod’s cultural dissemination model,” Physica a: statistical mechanics and its applications, vol. 578, p. 126086, 2021. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2021.126086
@Article{Dinkelberg2021,
author = {Alejandro Dinkelberg and P{\'{a}}draig MacCarron and Paul J. Maher and Michael Quayle},
journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
title = {Homophily dynamics outweigh network topology in an extended Axelrod's Cultural Dissemination Model},
year = {2021},
month = {sep},
pages = {126086},
volume = {578},
doi = {10.1016/j.physa.2021.126086},
file = {:Dinkelberg2021.pdf:PDF},
publisher = {Elsevier {BV}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2021.126086},
}
• D. L. Marais, I. Petersen, and M. Quayle, “Policymaking through a knowledge lens: using the embodied-enacted-inscribed knowledge framework to illuminate the transfer of knowledge in a mental health policy consultation process – a south african case study,” PLOS ONE, vol. 16, iss. 1, p. e0244940, 2021. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0244940
@Article{Marais2021,
author = {Debra Leigh Marais and Inge Petersen and Michael Quayle},
journal = {{PLOS} {ONE}},
title = {Policymaking through a knowledge lens: Using the embodied-enacted-inscribed knowledge framework to illuminate the transfer of knowledge in a mental health policy consultation process {\textendash} A South African case study},
year = {2021},
month = {jan},
number = {1},
pages = {e0244940},
volume = {16},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0244940},
editor = {Joseph Telfair},
file = {:Marais2021 - Policymaking through a Knowledge Lens_ Using the Embodied Enacted Inscribed Knowledge Framework to Illuminate the Transfer of Knowledge in a Mental Health Policy Consultation Process _ a South African Case Study.pdf:PDF},
publisher = {Public Library of Science ({PLoS})},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244940},
}

### 2020

• N. Human and M. Quayle, “The romantic imperative: discourses of romance and heterosexual marriage,” Culture, health & sexuality, 2020. doi:10.1080/13691058.2019.1688394
@Article{Human2020,
author = {Nicola Human and Michael Quayle},
journal = {Culture, Health \& Sexuality},
title = {The romantic imperative: Discourses of romance and heterosexual marriage},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.1080/13691058.2019.1688394},
file = {:Human2020.pdf:PDF},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
timestamp = {2019.11.04},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2019.1688394},
}
• D. Marais, I. Peterson, and M. Quayle, “Making consultation meaningful: insights from a case study of the south african mental health policy consultation process,” Plos one, 2020. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228281
@Article{Marais2020,
author = {Debra-Leigh Marais and Inge Peterson and Michael Quayle},
journal = {PLOS ONE},
title = {Making consultation meaningful: Insights from a case study of the South African mental health policy consultation process},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0228281},
file = {:Marais2020 - Making Consultation Meaningful_ Insights from a Case Study of the South African Mental Health Policy Consultation Process.pdf:PDF},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
timestamp = {2020.01.13},
url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0228281},
}
• M. Quayle, N. Pautz, and B. Mhlongo, “A co-authorship analysis of internationalization in political psychology through the lens of ispp dissemination activities,” Political psychology, 2020. doi:10.1111/pops.12656
Internationalization is a key aim of the International Society of Political Psychology (ISPP). This paper uses bibliometric techniques to explore international collaborations in the Society’s core activities, namely the journal Political Psychology and annual meetings. We explore how authors from different regions of the world are interconnected through co-authorship, using country information extracted from authors’ affiliation and coded as WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich and Democratic) or non-WEIRD. Study 1 analyzed co-authorship in the Society’s journal Political Psychology from 1985-2014 (30 years), with 1151 authors from 42 countries and 1337 co-authorship ties between them. Study 2 mapped the co-authorship relationships for annual meetings for which documentation was available, eventually collecting data from 2006-2014 (eight years). In total, 4,260 authors from 74 countries were represented, with 6,884 collaborative ties. Annual meetings reflected more international collaboration than the journal on several dimensions, including a large internationally connected giant component of collaborating authors evident in annual meetings, but not the journal. In annual meetings, there were more collaborations between WEIRD and non-WEIRD authors. However, even at annual meetings, deep internationalization involving non-WEIRD authors was rare, and the activities of the Society primarily represent academics from WEIRD countries, particularly the USA.
@Article{Quayle2020,
author = {Michael Quayle and Nikolas Pautz and Brian Mhlongo},
title = {A co-authorship analysis of internationalization in Political Psychology through the lens of ISPP dissemination activities},
journal = {Political Psychology},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Internationalization is a key aim of the International Society of Political Psychology (ISPP). This paper uses bibliometric techniques to explore international collaborations in the Society’s core activities, namely the journal Political Psychology and annual meetings. We explore how authors from different regions of the world are interconnected through co-authorship, using country information extracted from authors’ affiliation and coded as WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich and Democratic) or non-WEIRD. Study 1 analyzed co-authorship in the Society’s journal Political Psychology from 1985-2014 (30 years), with 1151 authors from 42 countries and 1337 co-authorship ties between them. Study 2 mapped the co-authorship relationships for annual meetings for which documentation was available, eventually collecting data from 2006-2014 (eight years). In total, 4,260 authors from 74 countries were represented, with 6,884 collaborative ties. Annual meetings reflected more international collaboration than the journal on several dimensions, including a large internationally connected giant component of collaborating authors evident in annual meetings, but not the journal. In annual meetings, there were more collaborations between WEIRD and non-WEIRD authors. However, even at annual meetings, deep internationalization involving non-WEIRD authors was rare, and the activities of the Society primarily represent academics from WEIRD countries, particularly the USA.},
doi = {10.1111/pops.12656},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12656},
}
• J. Mangione, M. Parker, M. O’Sullivan, and M. Quayle, “Mapping the landscape of physical education external provision in irish primary schools,” Irish educational studies, pp. 1-20, 2020. doi:10.1080/03323315.2020.1730218
[BibTeX] [Abstract]
In Ireland, primary physical education (PE) is delivered by non-specialist classroom teachers. A growing number of primary schools are committing resources to external providers for partial delivery of the PE curriculum. Some researchers (Evans and Davies [2014; 2015]. “Neoliberal Freedoms, Privatisation and the Future of Physical Education.” Sport, Education and Society 20 (1): 10–26. doi:10.1080/13573322.2014.918878; Powell [2015]. “Assembling the Privatisation of Physical Education and the ‘Inexpert’ Teacher.” Sport, Education and Society 20 (1): 73–88. doi:10.1080/13573322.2014.941796) suggest the use of external providers in primary PE represents an increasing privatisation of the public education system. Thus, privatisation of PE raises questions about the future purpose, quality, and content of the subject. The goal of this paper is to identify the most common forms of external provision in support of PE in a small cohort primary schools. Network analysis was used to achieve a graphical representation of primary schools/external provision. Web pages of primary schools yielded data that allowed the creation of a social network analysis of external provision for 67 primary schools selected from the 2015/2016 list of Delivery of Equality of Opportunity in Schools (DEIS) programme. Results highlight that the most common forms of PE external provision in Irish primary schools are Gaelic Games (GAA), swimming, and dance and describe the network relationships between external provision types. Discussion provides possible reasons to justify the external provision trend for primary PE in Ireland.
@Article{Mangione2020,
author = {Jessica Mangione and Melissa Parker and Mary O’Sullivan and Mike Quayle},
journal = {Irish Educational Studies},
title = {Mapping the landscape of physical education external provision in Irish primary schools},
year = {2020},
number = {0},
pages = {1-20},
volume = {0},
abstract = {In Ireland, primary physical education (PE) is delivered by non-specialist classroom teachers. A growing number of primary schools are committing resources to external providers for partial delivery of the PE curriculum. Some researchers (Evans and Davies [2014; 2015]. “Neoliberal Freedoms, Privatisation and the Future of Physical Education.” Sport, Education and Society 20 (1): 10–26. doi:10.1080/13573322.2014.918878; Powell [2015]. “Assembling the Privatisation of Physical Education and the ‘Inexpert’ Teacher.” Sport, Education and Society 20 (1): 73–88. doi:10.1080/13573322.2014.941796) suggest the use of external providers in primary PE represents an increasing privatisation of the public education system. Thus, privatisation of PE raises questions about the future purpose, quality, and content of the subject. The goal of this paper is to identify the most common forms of external provision in support of PE in a small cohort primary schools. Network analysis was used to achieve a graphical representation of primary schools/external provision. Web pages of primary schools yielded data that allowed the creation of a social network analysis of external provision for 67 primary schools selected from the 2015/2016 list of Delivery of Equality of Opportunity in Schools (DEIS) programme. Results highlight that the most common forms of PE external provision in Irish primary schools are Gaelic Games (GAA), swimming, and dance and describe the network relationships between external provision types. Discussion provides possible reasons to justify the external provision trend for primary PE in Ireland.},
doi = {10.1080/03323315.2020.1730218},
file = {:Mangione2020_Mapping_the_landscape_of_PE_external_provision.pdf:PDF},
}
• P. Maher, P. MacCarron, and M. Quayle, “Mapping public health responses with attitude networks: the emergence of opinion-based groups in the uk’s early covid-19 response phase,” British journal of social psychology, 2020. doi:10.1111/bjso.12396
[BibTeX]
@Article{Maher2020,
author = {Paul Maher and Pádraig MacCarron and Michael Quayle},
journal = {British Journal of Social Psychology},
title = {Mapping public health responses with attitude networks: the emergence of opinion-based groups in the UK’s early CoVID-19 response phase},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.1111/bjso.12396},
file = {:Maher2020 - Mapping Public Health Responses with Attitude Networks_ The emergence of Opinion Based Groups in the UK’s Early CoVID 19 Response Phase.PDF:PDF},
}
• P. MacCarron, P. J. Maher, S. Fennell, K. Burke, J. P. Gleeson, K. Durrheim, and M. Quayle, “Agreement threshold on axelrod’s model of cultural dissemination,” PLOS ONE, vol. 15, iss. 6, p. e0233995, 2020. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0233995
[BibTeX]
@Article{MacCarron2020,
author = {P{\'{a}}draig MacCarron and Paul J. Maher and Susan Fennell and Kevin Burke and James P. Gleeson and Kevin Durrheim and Michael Quayle},
journal = {{PLOS} {ONE}},
title = {Agreement threshold on Axelrod's model of cultural dissemination},
year = {2020},
month = {jun},
number = {6},
pages = {e0233995},
volume = {15},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0233995},
editor = {Carlos Gracia-L{\'{a}}zaro},
file = {:MacCarron2020 - Agreement Threshold on Axelrod's Model of Cultural Dissemination.PDF:PDF},
publisher = {Public Library of Science ({PLoS})},
}

### 2019

• M. Quayle, A. Wurm, H. Barnes, T. Barr, E. Beal, M. Fallon, R. Flynn, D. McGrath, R. McKenna, D. Mernagh, M. Pilch, E. Ryan, P. Wall, S. Walsh, and R. Wei, “Stereotyping by omission and commission: creating distinctive gendered spectacles in the televised coverage of the 2015 australian open men’s and women’s tennis singles semi-finals and finals,” International review for the sociology of sport, p. 1012690217701889, 2019. doi:10.1177/1012690217701889
This paper explores the way in which announcers created spectacle in the Eurosport coverage of the men?s and women?s tennis singles semi-finals and finals at the Australian Open 2015. This was an event where gender representations were under global social media scrutiny after two female players were asked to ?twirl? for the audience. We used a two-phase thematic analysis. Semantic thematic analysis showed that more personal descriptions were directed at women than men and these often described off-court features. Descriptions of men included detailed and specific portrayals of physical characteristics, while women?s bodies were seldom referred to specifically. Discourse analysis showed that men?s games were spoken of as physical clashes between titans. In contrast, women?s matches were described in aesthetic rather than physical terms and ?diva-like? personalities and relationships were important features of women?s game narratives. While male bodies were described in specific detail where relevant to technical features of the game, women?s bodies were only described indirectly and non-specifically. For the women?s game, this dialogical repression of specific body talk in combination with a strong focus on aesthetic judgements invoked stereotypes by omission, simultaneously reinscribing gender stereotypes and emphasizing their importance by communicating taboo. These gendered commentaries created distinctive gendered spectacles for the men?s and women?s events. This paper explores the way in which announcers created spectacle in the Eurosport coverage of the men?s and women?s tennis singles semi-finals and finals at the Australian Open 2015. This was an event where gender representations were under global social media scrutiny after two female players were asked to ?twirl? for the audience. We used a two-phase thematic analysis. Semantic thematic analysis showed that more personal descriptions were directed at women than men and these often described off-court features. Descriptions of men included detailed and specific portrayals of physical characteristics, while women?s bodies were seldom referred to specifically. Discourse analysis showed that men?s games were spoken of as physical clashes between titans. In contrast, women?s matches were described in aesthetic rather than physical terms and ?diva-like? personalities and relationships were important features of women?s game narratives. While male bodies were described in specific detail where relevant to technical features of the game, women?s bodies were only described indirectly and non-specifically. For the women?s game, this dialogical repression of specific body talk in combination with a strong focus on aesthetic judgements invoked stereotypes by omission, simultaneously reinscribing gender stereotypes and emphasizing their importance by communicating taboo. These gendered commentaries created distinctive gendered spectacles for the men?s and women?s events.
@Article{Quayle2019,
author = {Quayle, Michael and Wurm, Alanna and Barnes, Hayley and Barr, Thomas and Beal, Erin and Fallon, Mairead and Flynn, Rachel and McGrath, Dearan and McKenna, Roseanne and Mernagh, Dylan and Pilch, Monika and Ryan, Emma and Wall, Peter and Walsh, Sarah and Wei, Ran},
journal = {International Review for the Sociology of Sport},
title = {Stereotyping by omission and commission: Creating distinctive gendered spectacles in the televised coverage of the 2015 Australian Open men's and women's tennis singles semi-finals and finals},
year = {2019},
issn = {1012-6902},
month = mar,
pages = {1012690217701889},
abstract = {This paper explores the way in which announcers created spectacle in the Eurosport coverage of the men?s and women?s tennis singles semi-finals and finals at the Australian Open 2015. This was an event where gender representations were under global social media scrutiny after two female players were asked to ?twirl? for the audience. We used a two-phase thematic analysis. Semantic thematic analysis showed that more personal descriptions were directed at women than men and these often described off-court features. Descriptions of men included detailed and specific portrayals of physical characteristics, while women?s bodies were seldom referred to specifically. Discourse analysis showed that men?s games were spoken of as physical clashes between titans. In contrast, women?s matches were described in aesthetic rather than physical terms and ?diva-like? personalities and relationships were important features of women?s game narratives. While male bodies were described in specific detail where relevant to technical features of the game, women?s bodies were only described indirectly and non-specifically. For the women?s game, this dialogical repression of specific body talk in combination with a strong focus on aesthetic judgements invoked stereotypes by omission, simultaneously reinscribing gender stereotypes and emphasizing their importance by communicating taboo. These gendered commentaries created distinctive gendered spectacles for the men?s and women?s events.
This paper explores the way in which announcers created spectacle in the Eurosport coverage of the men?s and women?s tennis singles semi-finals and finals at the Australian Open 2015. This was an event where gender representations were under global social media scrutiny after two female players were asked to ?twirl? for the audience. We used a two-phase thematic analysis. Semantic thematic analysis showed that more personal descriptions were directed at women than men and these often described off-court features. Descriptions of men included detailed and specific portrayals of physical characteristics, while women?s bodies were seldom referred to specifically. Discourse analysis showed that men?s games were spoken of as physical clashes between titans. In contrast, women?s matches were described in aesthetic rather than physical terms and ?diva-like? personalities and relationships were important features of women?s game narratives. While male bodies were described in specific detail where relevant to technical features of the game, women?s bodies were only described indirectly and non-specifically. For the women?s game, this dialogical repression of specific body talk in combination with a strong focus on aesthetic judgements invoked stereotypes by omission, simultaneously reinscribing gender stereotypes and emphasizing their importance by communicating taboo. These gendered commentaries created distinctive gendered spectacles for the men?s and women?s events.},
comment = {doi: 10.1177/1012690217701889},
doi = {10.1177/1012690217701889},
groups = {Mike.quayle:6},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
publisher = {SAGE Publications},
timestamp = {2017.04.26},
url = {http://michaelquayle.net/pubs/Quayle2017_etal_AusOpen_prepub_final.pdf},
}
• J. Firnhaber, R. Greenwood, and M. Quayle, “Continuity in the face of change: identifying three strategies for constructing stable masculinity in liminality,” British Journal of Social Psychology, 2019. doi:10.1111/bjso.12274
[BibTeX]
@Article{Firnhaber2019,
author = {Joseph Firnhaber and Ronni Greenwood and Michael Quayle},
title = {Continuity in the face of change: Identifying three strategies for constructing stable masculinity in liminality},
journal = {{B}ritish {J}ournal of {S}ocial {P}sychology},
year = {2019},
doi = {10.1111/bjso.12274},
owner = {MQ},
timestamp = {2018-07-31},
}
• K. Titlestad, K. Durrheim, M. Quayle, T. A. B. Snijders, and T. Postmes, “The dynamic emergence of cooperative norms in a social dilemma,” Journal of experimental social psychology, 2019. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2019.03.010
[BibTeX]
@Article{Titlestad2019,
author = {Kim Titlestad and Kevin Durrheim and Michael Quayle and T.A.B Snijders and Tom Postmes},
title = {The Dynamic Emergence of Cooperative Norms in a Social Dilemma},
journal = {Journal of Experimental Social Psychology},
year = {2019},
doi = {10.1016/j.jesp.2019.03.010},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
timestamp = {2019.03.20},
}

### 2018

• M. Quayle, G. Lindegger, K. Brittain, N. Nabee, and C. Cole, “Women’s ideals for masculinity across social contexts: patriarchal agentic masculinity is valued in work, family, and romance but communal masculinity in friendship,” Sex roles, p. 1–15, 2018. doi:10.1007/s11199-017-0772-9
The present study explores women’s ideals for masculinity in different social contexts (work, family/romance, and friendship) and compares how traditional (agentic) and non-patriarchal (communal) masculinity are valued in each context. Survey data were collected from one international (N = 159) and three South African samples (Ns = 86, 100, 161) of women. Results show that although women value patriarchal ideals for masculinity, agentic and communal versions of masculinity are valued differently across contexts. Specifically, traditional agentic versions of masculinity were most valued in the contexts most important to the long-term production of viable identity (family/romance and work). It was only in friendship that non-patriarchal communal masculinity was consistently idealized over traditional agentic masculinity. The results are discussed in relation to hegemonic masculinity (HM) and system justification theory (SJT). Congruent with SJT, women idealized versions of masculinity that may not be in their own or their group’s best interests, but in line with HM, the results emphasized the fluidity of masculinity and that the same individual can simultaneously idealize different versions of masculinity depending on the context. Because stereotypes are both explanations for the status quo and warrants for behaving in one way or another, these collective ideals for masculinity and contextual boundaries may be important obstacles to achieving gender equity.
@Article{Quayle2018_WomensIdealsMasculinity,
author = {Quayle, Michael and Lindegger, Graham and Brittain, Kirsty and Nabee, Neesa and Cole, Charlene},
title = {Women's Ideals for Masculinity Across Social Contexts: Patriarchal Agentic Masculinity is Valued in Work, Family, and Romance but Communal Masculinity in Friendship},
journal = {Sex Roles},
year = {2018},
pages = {1--15},
issn = {1573-2762},
abstract = {The present study explores women's ideals for masculinity in different social contexts (work, family/romance, and friendship) and compares how traditional (agentic) and non-patriarchal (communal) masculinity are valued in each context. Survey data were collected from one international (N = 159) and three South African samples (Ns = 86, 100, 161) of women. Results show that although women value patriarchal ideals for masculinity, agentic and communal versions of masculinity are valued differently across contexts. Specifically, traditional agentic versions of masculinity were most valued in the contexts most important to the long-term production of viable identity (family/romance and work). It was only in friendship that non-patriarchal communal masculinity was consistently idealized over traditional agentic masculinity. The results are discussed in relation to hegemonic masculinity (HM) and system justification theory (SJT). Congruent with SJT, women idealized versions of masculinity that may not be in their own or their group's best interests, but in line with HM, the results emphasized the fluidity of masculinity and that the same individual can simultaneously idealize different versions of masculinity depending on the context. Because stereotypes are both explanations for the status quo and warrants for behaving in one way or another, these collective ideals for masculinity and contextual boundaries may be important obstacles to achieving gender equity.},
doi = {10.1007/s11199-017-0772-9},
file = {:Quayle2018_WomensIdealsMasculinity.pdf:PDF;:Quayle2018_WomensIdealsMasculinity.pdf:PDF;:Quayle2018_WomensIdealsMasculinity-prepub_final.pdf:PDF},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
timestamp = {2017.05.09},
url = {http://michaelquayle.net/pubs/Quayle2018_WomensIdealsMasculinity-prepub_final.pdf},
}
• M. Quayle and M. Adshead, “The resilience of regional african hiv/aids research networks to the withdrawal of international authors in the subfield of public administration and governance: lessons for funders and collaborators,” Scientometrics, vol. 117, iss. 1, p. 163–173, 2018. doi:10.1007/s11192-018-2863-y
This paper compares the position and performance of Africans in international research networks, comparing a well-funded and internationally driven research network against a network developing organically with less funding and oversight. Specifically, we map the co-authorship networks related to African governance and public policy (1) in general and (2) related to HIV/AIDS. In both research networks Africans are well positioned globally, but African authors have lower connectivity and status in the HIV/AIDS network than the general network. Links between authors in different African countries are often bridged by non-Africans. This makes the African research networks vulnerable to shifting funding priorities; and international dropout would fragment the HIV/AIDS network more than the general network. We conclude that funders and researchers should prioritize direct inter-country African collaborations to improve the resilience of African research networks.
@Article{Quayle2018b,
title = {The resilience of regional African HIV/AIDS research networks to the withdrawal of international authors in the subfield of public administration and governance: lessons for funders and collaborators},
journal = {Scientometrics},
year = {2018},
volume = {117},
number = {1},
pages = {163--173},
month = {Oct},
issn = {1588-2861},
abstract = {This paper compares the position and performance of Africans in international research networks, comparing a well-funded and internationally driven research network against a network developing organically with less funding and oversight. Specifically, we map the co-authorship networks related to African governance and public policy (1) in general and (2) related to HIV/AIDS. In both research networks Africans are well positioned globally, but African authors have lower connectivity and status in the HIV/AIDS network than the general network. Links between authors in different African countries are often bridged by non-Africans. This makes the African research networks vulnerable to shifting funding priorities; and international dropout would fragment the HIV/AIDS network more than the general network. We conclude that funders and researchers should prioritize direct inter-country African collaborations to improve the resilience of African research networks.},
day = {01},
doi = {10.1007/s11192-018-2863-y},
file = {:Quayle2018b_TheResilienceOfRegionalAfrican.pdf:PDF},
owner = {MQ},
timestamp = {2018-07-27},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2863-y},
}

### 2017

• A. Nightingale, M. Quayle, and O. Muldoon, “”it’s just heart breaking”: doing inclusive political solidarity or ambivalent paternalism through sympathetic discourse within the “refugee crisis” debate,” Journal of community & applied social psychology, 2017. doi:10.1002/casp.2303
@Article{Nightingale_2017,
author = {Alastair Nightingale and Michael Quayle and Orla Muldoon},
title = {"It's just heart breaking": Doing inclusive political solidarity or ambivalent paternalism through sympathetic discourse within the "refugee crisis" debate},
journal = {Journal of Community {\&} Applied Social Psychology},
year = {2017},
doi = {10.1002/casp.2303},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
timestamp = {2017.02.21},
url = {http://michaelquayle.net/pubs/Nightingale_etal_2017.pdf},
}
• D. L. Marais, M. Quayle, and J. K. Burns, “The role of access to information in enabling transparency and public participation in governance – a case study of access to policy consultation records in south africa,” African journal of public affairs, vol. 9, iss. 6, pp. 36-49, 2017.
@Article{Marais2017,
author = {Marais, D.L. and Quayle, M. and Burns, J.K.},
title = {The role of access to information in enabling transparency and public participation in governance - a case study of access to policy consultation records in South Africa},
journal = {African Journal of Public Affairs},
year = {2017},
volume = {9},
number = {6},
pages = {36-49},
issn = {1997-7441},
file = {:Marais2017 - The role of access to information in enabling transparency and public participation in governance - a case study of access to policy consultation records in South Africa.pdf:PDF},
language = {English},
owner = {MQ},
publisher = {African Consortium of Public Administration (ACPA)},
timestamp = {2017-06-19},
type = {Journal Article},
url = {https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-754deef6f},
}

### 2016

• K. Durrheim, M. Quayle, and J. Dixon, “The struggle for the nature of ‘prejudice’: ‘prejudice’ expression as identity performance,” Political psychology, vol. 37, iss. 1, p. 17–35, 2016. doi:10.1111/pops.12310
This article develops an identity performance model of prejudice that highlights the creative influence of prejudice expressions on norms and situations. Definitions of prejudice can promote social change or stability when they are used to achieve social identification, explanation, and mobilization. Tacit or explicit agreement about the nature of prejudice is accomplished collaboratively by persuading others to accept (1) an abstract definition of ‘prejudice’, (2) concrete exemplars of ‘prejudicem’ and (3) associated beliefs about how a target group should be treated. This article reviews three ways in which ‘prejudice’ can be defined in the cut and thrust of social interaction, namely, by mobilizing hatred and violence, by accusation and denial, and by repression. The struggle for the nature of prejudice determines who can be badly treated and by whom. Studying such ordinary struggles to define what counts (and does not count) as ‘prejudice’ will allow us to understand how identities are produced, norms are set into motion, and populations are mobilized as social relations are reformulated.
@Article{Durrheim2016,
author = {Durrheim, Kevin and Quayle, Mike and Dixon, John},
title = {The Struggle for the Nature of 'Prejudice': 'Prejudice' Expression as Identity Performance},
journal = {Political Psychology},
year = {2016},
volume = {37},
number = {1},
pages = {17--35},
month = feb,
issn = {1467-9221},
abstract = {This article develops an identity performance model of prejudice that
highlights the creative influence of prejudice expressions on norms
and situations. Definitions of prejudice can promote social change
or stability when they are used to achieve social identification,
explanation, and mobilization. Tacit or explicit agreement about
the nature of prejudice is accomplished collaboratively by persuading
others to accept (1) an abstract definition of 'prejudice', (2) concrete
exemplars of 'prejudicem' and (3) associated beliefs about how a
which 'prejudice' can be defined in the cut and thrust of social
interaction, namely, by mobilizing hatred and violence, by accusation
and denial, and by repression. The struggle for the nature of prejudice
determines who can be badly treated and by whom. Studying such ordinary
struggles to define what counts (and does not count) as 'prejudice'
will allow us to understand how identities are produced, norms are
set into motion, and populations are mobilized as social relations
are reformulated.},
doi = {10.1111/pops.12310},
file = {Durrheim2016_etal_prejudice_as identity_performance_preprint_final.pdf:Durrheim2016_etal_prejudice_as identity_performance_preprint_final.pdf:PDF},
keywords = {prejudice, identity performance, discourse, denial, social identity theory},
owner = {psycho},
timestamp = {2016.03.11},
url = {http://michaelquayle.net/pubs/Durrheim2016_etal_prejudice_as%20identity_performance_preprint_final.pdf},
}
• K. Durrheim, M. Quayle, C. G. Tredoux, K. Titlestad, and L. Tooke, “Investigating the evolution of ingroup favoritism using a minimal group interaction paradigm: the effects of inter- and intragroup interdependence,” PLOS ONE, vol. 11, iss. 11, p. e0165974, 2016. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165974
@Article{Durrheim2016a,
author = {Kevin Durrheim and Michael Quayle and Colin G. Tredoux and Kim Titlestad and Larry Tooke},
title = {Investigating the Evolution of Ingroup Favoritism Using a Minimal Group Interaction Paradigm: The Effects of Inter- and Intragroup Interdependence},
journal = {{PLOS} {ONE}},
year = {2016},
volume = {11},
number = {11},
pages = {e0165974},
month = {nov},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0165974},
editor = {Long Wang},
file = {:Durrheim2016.pdf:PDF},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
publisher = {Public Library of Science ({PLoS})},
timestamp = {2016.12.05},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165974},
}

### 2015

• J. Dixon, K. Durrheim, M. Thomae, C. Tredoux, P. Kerr, and M. Quayle, “Divide and rule, unite and resist: contact, collective action and policy attitudes among historically disadvantaged groups,” Journal of social issues, vol. 71, iss. 3, p. 576–596, 2015.
Racial segregation encourages members of historically advantaged groups to form negative intergroup attitudes, which then motivate practices of discrimination that sustain inequality and disadvantage. By implication, interventions designed to increase intergroup contact have been proposed as a means of reducing dominant group prejudices and promoting social change. In this article, we highlight another mechanism through which segregation shapes intergroup relations, namely, by inhibiting political solidarity between historically disadvantaged groups. Building on a field survey conducted in postapartheid South Africa, we demonstrate how challenging this form of segregation may reveal alternative mechanisms through which intergroup contact facilitates social change. Notably, we report evidence that positive contact with Black residents of an informal settlement in Pietermaritzburg was associated with Indian residentsâ€™ support for political policies and forms of collective action that might improve conditions in that settlement. In addition, we show that such support was partly mediated by perceptions of collective discrimination.
@Article{Dixon2015Divide_and_Rule-Journal_of_Social_Issues,
author = {Dixon, John and Durrheim, Kevin and Thomae, Manuela and Tredoux, Colin and Kerr, Philippa and Quayle, Michael},
title = {Divide and Rule, Unite and Resist: Contact, Collective Action and Policy Attitudes among Historically Disadvantaged Groups},
journal = {Journal of Social Issues},
year = {2015},
volume = {71},
number = {3},
pages = {576--596},
month = sep,
issn = {1540-4560},
abstract = {Racial segregation encourages members of historically advantaged groups
to form negative intergroup attitudes, which then motivate practices
of discrimination that sustain inequality and disadvantage. By implication,
interventions designed to increase intergroup contact have been proposed
as a means of reducing dominant group prejudices and promoting social
segregation shapes intergroup relations, namely, by inhibiting political
solidarity between historically disadvantaged groups. Building on
a field survey conducted in postapartheid South Africa, we demonstrate
how challenging this form of segregation may reveal alternative mechanisms
through which intergroup contact facilitates social change. Notably,
we report evidence that positive contact with Black residents of
an informal settlement in Pietermaritzburg was associated with Indian
residentsâ€™ support for political policies and forms of collective
action that might improve conditions in that settlement. In addition,
we show that such support was partly mediated by perceptions of collective
discrimination.},
file = {Dixon2015Divide_and_Rule-Journal_of_Social_Issues_Published.pdf:Dixon2015Divide_and_Rule-Journal_of_Social_Issues_Published.pdf:PDF},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
timestamp = {2015.10.01},
}
• R. Jewkes, R. Morrell, J. Hearn, E. Lundqvist, D. Blackbeard, G. Lindegger, M. Quayle, Y. Sikweyiya, and L. Gottzén, “Hegemonic masculinity: combining theory and practice in gender interventions,” Culture, health & sexuality, vol. 17, iss. sup2, pp. 96-111, 2015. doi:10.1080/13691058.2015.1085094
@Article{Jewkes2015,
author = {Rachel Jewkes and Robert Morrell and Jeff Hearn and Emma Lundqvist and David Blackbeard and Graham Lindegger and Michael Quayle and Yandisa Sikweyiya and Lucas Gottzén},
title = {Hegemonic masculinity: combining theory and practice in gender interventions},
journal = {Culture, Health \& Sexuality},
year = {2015},
volume = {17},
number = {sup2},
pages = {96-111},
doi = {10.1080/13691058.2015.1085094},
eprint = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2015.1085094},
file = {Jewkes2015.pdf:Jewkes2015.pdf:PDF},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
timestamp = {2015.11.20},
}

### 2014

• R. Moorhouse, C. Slack, M. Quayle, Z. Essack, and G. Lindegger, “Stakeholder views of ethical guidance regarding prevention and care in HIV vaccine trials,” BMC medical ethics, vol. 15, iss. 51, 2014. doi:10.1186/1472-6939-15-51
BACKGROUND:South Africa is a major hub of HIV prevention trials, with plans for a licensure trial to start in 2015. The appropriate standards of care and of prevention in HIV vaccine trials are complex and debated issues and ethical guidelines offer some direction. However, there has been limited empirical exploration of South African stakeholders’ perspectives on ethical guidance related to prevention and care in HIV vaccine trials.METHODS:Site staff, Community Advisory Board members and Research Ethics Committee members involved with current HIV vaccine trials in South Africa were invited to participate in an exploration of their views. A questionnaire listed 10 care and 10 prevention recommendations drawn from two widely available sets of ethical guidelines for biomedical HIV prevention trials. Respondents (n=98) rated each recommendation on five dimensions: “Familiarity with”, “Ease of Understanding”, “Ease of Implementing”, “Perceived Protection”, and “Agreement with” each ethical recommendation. The ratings were used to describe stakeholder perspectives on dimensions for each recommendation. Dimension ratings were averaged across the five dimensions and used as an indication of overall merit for each recommendation. Differences were explored across dimensions, between care-oriented and prevention-oriented recommendations, and between stakeholder groups.RESULTS:Both care and prevention recommendations were rated highly overall, with median ratings well above the scale midpoint. In general, informed consent recommendations were most positively rated. Care-related recommendations were rated significantly more positively than prevention-related recommendations, with the five lowest-rated recommendations being prevention-related. The most problematic dimension across all recommendations was “Ease of Implementing,” and the least problematic was “Agreement with,” suggesting the most pressing stakeholder concerns are practical rather than theoretical; that is, respondents agree with but see barriers to the attainment of these recommendations.CONCLUSIONS:We propose that prevention recommendations be prioritized for refinement, especially those assigned bottom-ranking scores for “Ease of Implementing”, and/ or “Ease of Understanding” in order to assist vaccine stakeholders to better comprehend and implement these recommendations. Further qualitative research could also assist to better understand nuances in stakeholder reservations about implementing such recommendations.
@Article{Moorhouse2014,
author = {Moorhouse, Rika and Slack, Catherine and Quayle, Michael and Essack, Zaynab and Lindegger, Graham},
title = {Stakeholder views of ethical guidance regarding prevention and care in {HIV} vaccine trials},
journal = {{BMC} Medical Ethics},
year = {2014},
volume = {15},
number = {51},
issn = {1472-6939},
note = {Open Access.},
abstract = {BACKGROUND:South Africa is a major hub of HIV prevention trials, with
plans for a licensure trial to start in 2015. The appropriate standards
of care and of prevention in HIV vaccine trials are complex and debated
issues and ethical guidelines offer some direction. However, there
has been limited empirical exploration of South African stakeholders'
perspectives on ethical guidance related to prevention and care in
HIV vaccine trials.METHODS:Site staff, Community Advisory Board members
and Research Ethics Committee members involved with current HIV vaccine
trials in South Africa were invited to participate in an exploration
of their views. A questionnaire listed 10 care and 10 prevention
recommendations drawn from two widely available sets of ethical guidelines
for biomedical HIV prevention trials. Respondents (n=98) rated each
recommendation on five dimensions: "Familiarity with", "Ease of Understanding",
"Ease of Implementing", "Perceived Protection", and "Agreement with"
each ethical recommendation. The ratings were used to describe stakeholder
perspectives on dimensions for each recommendation. Dimension ratings
were averaged across the five dimensions and used as an indication
of overall merit for each recommendation. Differences were explored
across dimensions, between care-oriented and prevention-oriented
recommendations, and between stakeholder groups.RESULTS:Both care
and prevention recommendations were rated highly overall, with median
ratings well above the scale midpoint. In general, informed consent
recommendations were most positively rated. Care-related recommendations
were rated significantly more positively than prevention-related
recommendations, with the five lowest-rated recommendations being
prevention-related. The most problematic dimension across all recommendations
was "Ease of Implementing," and the least problematic was "Agreement
with," suggesting the most pressing stakeholder concerns are practical
rather than theoretical; that is, respondents agree with but see
barriers to the attainment of these recommendations.CONCLUSIONS:We
propose that prevention recommendations be prioritized for refinement,
especially those assigned bottom-ranking scores for "Ease of Implementing",
and/ or "Ease of Understanding" in order to assist vaccine stakeholders
to better comprehend and implement these recommendations. Further
qualitative research could also assist to better understand nuances
in stakeholder reservations about implementing such recommendations.},
doi = {10.1186/1472-6939-15-51},
file = {:Moorehouse2014_as_published.pdf:PDF},
owner = {psycho},
timestamp = {2014.08.15},
}
• M. Quayle and M. Greer, “Mapping the state of the field of social psychology in africa and patterns of collaboration between african and international social psychologists,” International journal of psychology, vol. 49, iss. 6, p. 498–502, 2014. doi:10.1002/ijop.12059
Patterns of collaboration in social psychology from 2000 to 2010 were mapped to analyse the position of African authors in the international co-authorship network using bibliographic records from the Thomson Reuters Web of Knowledge. There are very few social psychologists working in Africa, with the majority of these located in South Africa. Indeed, some small European countries boast more social psychologists than the entire continent of Africa. African authors published less than their non-African collaborators, but had comparable status on joint publications. Co-authorship relationships between African researchers from different African countries were generally mediated by partners from other continents, and direct collaboration between non-compatriot African authors was very rare. The small size, and extremely sparse connection of the African co-authorship network, is likely to be an obstacle both in the development of social psychology as a universally relevant discipline and in the penetration of social psychological knowledge in Africa.
@Article{Quayle2014a,
author = {Quayle, Michael and Greer, Megan},
title = {Mapping the state of the field of social psychology in Africa and patterns of collaboration between African and international social psychologists},
journal = {International Journal of Psychology},
year = {2014},
volume = {49},
number = {6},
pages = {498–502},
issn = {1464-066X},
abstract = {Patterns of collaboration in social psychology from 2000 to 2010 were
mapped to analyse the position of African authors in the international
co-authorship network using bibliographic records from the Thomson
Reuters Web of Knowledge. There are very few social psychologists
working in Africa, with the majority of these located in South Africa.
Indeed, some small European countries boast more social psychologists
than the entire continent of Africa. African authors published less
than their non-African collaborators, but had comparable status on
joint publications. Co-authorship relationships between African researchers
from different African countries were generally mediated by partners
from other continents, and direct collaboration between non-compatriot
African authors was very rare. The small size, and extremely sparse
connection of the African co-authorship network, is likely to be
an obstacle both in the development of social psychology as a universally
relevant discipline and in the penetration of social psychological
knowledge in Africa.},
doi = {10.1002/ijop.12059},
file = {:Quayle&Greer2014_OnlineFirstVersion_10.1002-ijop.12059.pdf:PDF;:Quayle&Greer2014_FinalAcceptedVersion.pdf:PDF;:Quayle&Greer2014_FinalAcceptedVersion.docx:Word 2007+;:Quayle2014_CopyrightAgreement_International Journal of Psychology.docx:Word 2007+},
keywords = {Bibliometric analysis, Social psychology, African collaboration, African scholarship, Indigenous knowledge production},
owner = {psycho},
publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
timestamp = {2014.08.15},
url = {http://michaelquayle.net/pubs/Quayle%26Greer2014_Prepub_final.pdf},
}

### 2013

• N. Munro, M. Quayle, H. Simpson, and S. Barnsley, “Hunger for knowledge: food insecurity among students at the university of kwazulu-natal,” Perspectives in education, vol. 31, iss. 4, pp. 168-179, 2013.
@Article{Munro2013,
author = {Nicholas Munro and Michael Quayle and Heather Simpson and Shelley Barnsley},
title = {Hunger for knowledge: Food insecurity among students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal},
journal = {Perspectives in Education},
year = {2013},
volume = {31},
number = {4},
pages = {168-179},
file = {:Munro2013_PerspectivesInEducation.pdf:PDF},
owner = {psycho},
timestamp = {2013.12.17},
}

### 2012

• M. Quayle and E. Naidoo, “Social risk and attribution: how considering the social risk of attributions can improve the performance of kelley’s anova model in applied research,” Journal of applied social psychology, vol. 42, iss. 7, p. 1694–1715, 2012. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00915.x
Classic models of attribution are increasingly used, despite serious problems with their empirical validation. This study revisits Kelley’s (1967) ANOVA model of attribution and argues that it will most usefully predict attributions when attributional processes are socially â€œsafeâ€? and have few social consequences. The results demonstrate that attributions are most likely to be inconsistent with Kelley’s predictions when attributional information and the attributions themselves are socially consequential or risky, but are more likely to be made as predicted when they are socially safe. Applications of Kelley’s model, therefore, should pay attention to the extent to which attributions and attributional information are socially consequential or risky, particularly when analyzing the use of consensus information.
@Article{Quayle2012,
author = {Quayle, Michael and Naidoo, Evasen},
title = {Social Risk and Attribution: How Considering the Social Risk of Attributions Can Improve the Performance of Kelley's ANOVA Model in Applied Research},
journal = {Journal of Applied Social Psychology},
year = {2012},
volume = {42},
number = {7},
pages = {1694–1715},
issn = {1559-1816},
abstract = {Classic models of attribution are increasingly used, despite serious
problems with their empirical validation. This study revisits Kelley's
(1967) ANOVA model of attribution and argues that it will most usefully
and have few social consequences. The results demonstrate that attributions
are most likely to be inconsistent with Kelley's predictions when
consequential or risky, but are more likely to be made as predicted
when they are socially safe. Applications of Kelley's model, therefore,
information are socially consequential or risky, particularly when
analyzing the use of consensus information.},
doi = {10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00915.x},
file = {:Quayle2012InPress.pdf:PDF},
owner = {QuayleM},
publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Inc},
timestamp = {2012.04.26},
}
• C. Verwey and M. Quayle, “Whiteness, racism, and afrikaner identity in post-apartheid south africa,” African affairs, vol. 111, iss. 445, p. 551–575, 2012.
This article explores the production of post-apartheid Afrikaner identity in South Africa. Centred around the private sphere of the braai, the article draws on discursive psychology to investigate the participants’ dilemmas and struggles over their identity as Afrikaners, South Africans, and Africans, and the ways in which these identities are being redefined. The â€˜backstageâ€™ talk that is usually reserved for fellow whites or Afrikaners illustrates a clear difference between public and private constructions of Afrikaner identity. While the participants rejected many stereotypes of Afrikaner identity, they simultaneously recycled key discourses underlying apartheid ideology, particularly discourses of black incompetence and whites under threat. Participants generally claimed status as “Africans” but strongly resisted assimilation with “Africa” or a broader African identity. The article concludes that the construction of the Afrikaner community as embattled and systematically oppressed might provide powerful support for extremism.
@Article{Verwey2012,
author = {Verwey, Cornel and Quayle, Michael},
title = {Whiteness, racism, and Afrikaner identity in post-apartheid South Africa},
journal = {African Affairs},
year = {2012},
volume = {111},
number = {445},
pages = {551--575},
month = oct,
in South Africa. Centred around the private sphere of the braai,
the article draws on discursive psychology to investigate the participants'
dilemmas and struggles over their identity as Afrikaners, South Africans,
and Africans, and the ways in which these identities are being redefined.
The â€˜backstageâ€™ talk that is usually reserved for fellow whites
or Afrikaners illustrates a clear difference between public and private
constructions of Afrikaner identity. While the participants rejected
many stereotypes of Afrikaner identity, they simultaneously recycled
key discourses underlying apartheid ideology, particularly discourses
of black incompetence and whites under threat. Participants generally
claimed status as "Africans" but strongly resisted assimilation with
"Africa" or a broader African identity. The article concludes that
the construction of the Afrikaner community as embattled and systematically
oppressed might provide powerful support for extremism.},
file = {:Verwey&Quayle2012_AfricanAffairs_FinalPublishedVersion.pdf:PDF},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
timestamp = {2015.06.25},
}

### 2011

• M. {du Toit} and M. Quayle, “Multiracial families and contact theory in south africa : does direct and extended contact facilitated by multiracial families predict reduced prejudice?,” South african journal of psychology, vol. 41, iss. 4, pp. 540-551, 2011. doi:10.1177/008124631104100412
Contact theory holds that increased contact between members of different groups can improve intergroup attitudes and reduce prejudice if it meets certain quality criteria, such as equal status, common goals, and cooperation within the contact situation. It is now emerging that even extended contact, or the mere knowledge that an ingroup member has a close relationship with an outgroup member, can lead to more positive intergroup attitudes. However, in South African society optimal contact is uncommon because most social spaces and structures are governed by strong norms of microsegregation that ensure that genuine optimal contact is uncommon. Given that multiracial families exemplify most features of optimal contact while radically challenging social norms of segregation, they may be important nodes for effective prejudice-reducing contact in South African society. This exploratory study investigated the extent to which general contact with people of other races, direct contact with multiracial families (i.e. personally knowing a member of a multiracial family), and extended contact with multiracial families (i.e. knowing someone who knows a member of a multiracial family) predicted reduced prejudice, reconciliatory race-policy attitudes and reduced intergroup threat. The results show that all three forms of contact predicted significantly reduced prejudice and that direct contact with multiracial families significantly predicted reduced prejudice over and above the effect of general interracial contact. Therefore we argue that contact researchers should consider more carefully whether normatively supported contact or radically norm-violating forms of contact optimally disrupt practices of microsegregation. Additionally, we argue that multiracial romantic relationships and families deserve increased attention and support as important nodes of prejudice reduction in South African society. However, general contact was also associated with reduced support for race-based social policies which supports the argument that the prejudice-reducing effects of interracial contact may be at least partially offset by other effects that may hinder broader social change.
@Article{duToit2011,
author = {{du Toit}, M. and Quayle, M.},
title = {Multiracial families and contact theory in South Africa : does direct and extended contact facilitated by multiracial families predict reduced prejudice?},
journal = {South African Journal of Psychology},
year = {2011},
volume = {41},
number = {4},
pages = {540-551},
abstract = {Contact theory holds that increased contact between members of different
groups can improve intergroup attitudes and reduce prejudice if it
meets certain quality criteria, such as equal status, common goals,
and cooperation within the contact situation. It is now emerging
that even extended contact, or the mere knowledge that an ingroup
member has a close relationship with an outgroup member, can lead
to more positive intergroup attitudes. However, in South African
society optimal contact is uncommon because most social spaces and
structures are governed by strong norms of microsegregation that
ensure that genuine optimal contact is uncommon. Given that multiracial
families exemplify most features of optimal contact while radically
challenging social norms of segregation, they may be important nodes
for effective prejudice-reducing contact in South African society.
This exploratory study investigated the extent to which general contact
with people of other races, direct contact with multiracial families
(i.e. personally knowing a member of a multiracial family), and extended
contact with multiracial families (i.e. knowing someone who knows
a member of a multiracial family) predicted reduced prejudice, reconciliatory
race-policy attitudes and reduced intergroup threat. The results
show that all three forms of contact predicted significantly reduced
prejudice and that direct contact with multiracial families significantly
predicted reduced prejudice over and above the effect of general
interracial contact. Therefore we argue that contact researchers
should consider more carefully whether normatively supported contact
or radically norm-violating forms of contact optimally disrupt practices
of microsegregation. Additionally, we argue that multiracial romantic
relationships and families deserve increased attention and support
as important nodes of prejudice reduction in South African society.
However, general contact was also associated with reduced support
for race-based social policies which supports the argument that the
prejudice-reducing effects of interracial contact may be at least
partially offset by other effects that may hinder broader social
change.},
doi = {10.1177/008124631104100412},
file = {:duToit2011_FinalPublished.pdf:PDF},
owner = {psycho},
timestamp = {2011.12.12},
url = {http://michaelquayle.net/pubs/duToit%26Quayle2011_preprintproofs.pdf},
}
• M. Quayle, “Situated identity performance: understanding stereotype threat as a social identity phenomenon,” PhD Thesis, 2011.
Stereotype threat or boost (STB) is a situational modifier of task performance that occurs when a group stereotype becomes relevant to the performance of a stereotype relevant task. This dissertation aimed to re-imagine STB in light of social identity theory. Ten studies were undertaken that each manipulated status and either identifiability, conflict or permeability and explored the effects on the performance of the Ravens Advanced Progressive Matrices. Additional identity and socio-structural constructs were also measured and explored, including stability, legitimacy and ingroup identification. The results showed that STB is not simply “activated” or “deactivated” when stereotypes become relevant to task performance. On the contrary, the specific features of identity, the contextual features of the social environment in which the identity performance takes place, and the performer’s strategic engagement with their identity resources and liabilities are important features of how STB impacts on performance, and how it is sometimes resisted and overturned by experimental subjects. Indeed, performance was generally not predictable on the basis of stereotype activation until resistance to the negative or positive status manipulations were also accounted for. Although the STB literature is tightly focused on the case of negative stereotypes undermining performance, incongruent effects in which negative stereotypes enhance performance and positive stereotypes undermine it have also been reported. In the present studies incongruent STB effects were frequently observed. Underperformance in boost conditions was most consistently predicted by perceived intergroup conflict, while enhanced performance under threat was consistently predicted by perceived group boundary permeability. Additionally, underperformance in boost conditions was often a result of ‘slipstreaming’ rather than ‘choking under pressure,’ since participants were evidently counting on their generally secure identity in the experimental context to buffer poor performance on the experimental task. Improved performance in threat conditions was most likely when participants perceived themselves to be representatives of their group and when they believed that their improved performance would make a difference for their own reputation or the reputation of their group. These findings challenge the common image of the passive subject in the STB literature and, instead, suggest that STB effects are an outcome of situated identity performance. This model of STB effects understands task-performance in a specific performance context as an active and strategic expression of situated identity oriented not only to the social features of the performance context (as argued by most SIT theorists), but also to the their own reading of that context, their total identity liabilities and resources (including individual ability and alternative identities) and their strategic motivations in the context.
@PhdThesis{Quayle2011,
author = {Michael Quayle},
title = {Situated identity performance: Understanding stereotype threat as a social identity phenomenon},
school = {School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal},
year = {2011},
abstract = {Stereotype threat or boost (STB) is a situational modifier of task
performance that occurs when a group stereotype becomes relevant
to the performance of a stereotype relevant task. This dissertation
aimed to re-imagine STB in light of social identity theory. Ten studies
were undertaken that each manipulated status and either identifiability,
conflict or permeability and explored the effects on the performance
and socio-structural constructs were also measured and explored,
including stability, legitimacy and ingroup identification. The results
showed that STB is not simply “activated” or “deactivated” when stereotypes
become relevant to task performance. On the contrary, the specific
features of identity, the contextual features of the social environment
in which the identity performance takes place, and the performer’s
strategic engagement with their identity resources and liabilities
are important features of how STB impacts on performance, and how
it is sometimes resisted and overturned by experimental subjects.
Indeed, performance was generally not predictable on the basis of
stereotype activation until resistance to the negative or positive
status manipulations were also accounted for. Although the STB literature
is tightly focused on the case of negative stereotypes undermining
performance, incongruent effects in which negative stereotypes enhance
performance and positive stereotypes undermine it have also been
reported. In the present studies incongruent STB effects were frequently
observed. Underperformance in boost conditions was most consistently
predicted by perceived intergroup conflict, while enhanced performance
under threat was consistently predicted by perceived group boundary
permeability. Additionally, underperformance in boost conditions
was often a result of ‘slipstreaming’ rather than ‘choking under
pressure,’ since participants were evidently counting on their generally
secure identity in the experimental context to buffer poor performance
on the experimental task. Improved performance in threat conditions
was most likely when participants perceived themselves to be representatives
of their group and when they believed that their improved performance
would make a difference for their own reputation or the reputation
of their group. These findings challenge the common image of the
passive subject in the STB literature and, instead, suggest that
STB effects are an outcome of situated identity performance. This
model of STB effects understands task-performance in a specific performance
context as an active and strategic expression of situated identity
oriented not only to the social features of the performance context
(as argued by most SIT theorists), but also to the their own reading
of that context, their total identity liabilities and resources (including
individual ability and alternative identities) and their strategic
motivations in the context.},
file = {Quayle2011_PhD.pdf:Quayle2011_PhD.pdf:PDF},
owner = {User},
timestamp = {2011.11.21},
url = {https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/5011},
}

### 2010

• J. Dixon, K. Durrheim, C. G. Tredoux, L. R. Tropp, B. Clack, L. Eaton, and M. Quayle, “Challenging the stubborn core of opposition to equality: racial contact and policy attitudes,” Political psychology, vol. 31, iss. 6, p. 831–855, 2010. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9221.2010.00792.x
A Random Digit Dialing survey (nÂ =Â 794) examined the interracial contact experiences and racial attitudes of White South Africans. The survey measured racial attitudes not only in terms of individuals’ prejudice, but also in terms of their perceptions of group threat, perceived injustice, and support for various government policies designed to rectify the legacy of apartheid. The results indicated that the frequency and quality of interracial contact predicted Whites’ support for both race compensatory and race preferential policies of redress, and these effects were partly mediated by perceived threat, sense of fairness, and racial prejudice. The research points to a potential rapprochement between the social psychological theories of intergroup contact and group positioning theories derived from the work of Blumer. It also highlights the value of adopting a more expansive and politically nuanced conception of the â€œconsequencesâ€� of contact and desegregation.
@Article{Dixon2010,
author = {Dixon, John and Durrheim, Kevin and Tredoux, Colin G. and Tropp, Linda R. and Clack, Beverley and Eaton, Liberty and Quayle, Michael},
title = {Challenging the Stubborn Core of Opposition to Equality: Racial Contact and Policy Attitudes},
journal = {Political Psychology},
year = {2010},
volume = {31},
number = {6},
pages = {831--855},
month = dec,
issn = {1467-9221},
abstract = {A Random Digit Dialing survey (nÂ =Â 794) examined the interracial
contact experiences and racial attitudes of White South Africans.
The survey measured racial attitudes not only in terms of individuals'
prejudice, but also in terms of their perceptions of group threat,
perceived injustice, and support for various government policies
designed to rectify the legacy of apartheid. The results indicated
that the frequency and quality of interracial contact predicted Whites'
support for both race compensatory and race preferential policies
of redress, and these effects were partly mediated by perceived threat,
sense of fairness, and racial prejudice. The research points to a
potential rapprochement between the social psychological theories
of intergroup contact and group positioning theories derived from
the work of Blumer. It also highlights the value of adopting a more
expansive and politically nuanced conception of the â€œconsequencesâ€�
of contact and desegregation.},
doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9221.2010.00792.x},
keywords = {Prejudice, Contact hypothesis, Policy attitudes, South Africa},
owner = {psycho},
publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Inc},
timestamp = {2016.03.12},
}
• Z. Essack, J. Koen, N. Barsdorf, C. Slack, M. Quayle, C. Milford, G. Lindegger, C. Ranchod, and R. Mukuka, “Stakeholder perspectives on ethical challenges in hiv vaccine trials in south africa,” Developing world bioethics, vol. 10, iss. 1, p. 11–21, 2010. doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2009.00254.x
There is little published literature on the ethical concerns of stakeholders in HIV vaccine trials. This study explored the ethical challenges identified by various stakeholders, through an open-ended, in-depth approach. While the few previous studies have been largely quantitative, respondents in this study had the opportunity to spontaneously identify the issues that they perceived to be of priority concern in the South African context. Stakeholders spontaneously identified the following as ethical priorities: informed consent, social harms, collaborative relationships between research stakeholders, the participation of children and adolescents, access to treatment for participants who become infected with HIV, physical harms, fair participant and community selection, confidentiality, benefits, and payment. While there is some speculation that research in developing countries poses special ethical challenges, overall no issues were identified that have not been anticipated in international guidance, literature and popular frameworks. However, the South African context affords a distinctive gloss to these expected issues; for example, respondents were concerned that the predominant selection of black participants may perpetuate racist practices of apartheid. Stakeholders should be aware of contextual factors impacting on the implementation of ethical principles. We make a series of recommendations for South African trials, including amendments to the ethical-legal framework and research policies, and, for further research.
@Article{ESSACK2010,
author = {Essack, Zaynab And Koen, Jennifer And Barsdorf, Nicola And Slack, Catherine And Quayle, Michael And Milford, Cecilia And Lindegger, Graham And Ranchod, Chitra And Mukuka, Richard},
title = {Stakeholder perspectives on ethical challenges in HIV vaccine trials in South Africa},
journal = {Developing World Bioethics},
year = {2010},
volume = {10},
number = {1},
pages = {11--21},
abstract = {There is little published literature on the ethical concerns of stakeholders
in HIV vaccine trials. This study explored the ethical challenges
identified by various stakeholders, through an open-ended, in-depth
approach. While the few previous studies have been largely quantitative,
respondents in this study had the opportunity to spontaneously identify
the issues that they perceived to be of priority concern in the South
African context. Stakeholders spontaneously identified the following
as ethical priorities: informed consent, social harms, collaborative
relationships between research stakeholders, the participation of
become infected with HIV, physical harms, fair participant and community
selection, confidentiality, benefits, and payment. While there is
some speculation that research in developing countries poses special
ethical challenges, overall no issues were identified that have not
been anticipated in international guidance, literature and popular
frameworks. However, the South African context affords a distinctive
gloss to these expected issues; for example, respondents were concerned
that the predominant selection of black participants may perpetuate
racist practices of apartheid. Stakeholders should be aware of contextual
factors impacting on the implementation of ethical principles. We
make a series of recommendations for South African trials, including
amendments to the ethical-legal framework and research policies,
and, for further research.},
doi = {10.1111/j.1471-8847.2009.00254.x},
timestamp = {2010.04.27},
}
• K. Talbot and M. Quayle, “The perils of being a nice guy: contextual variation in five young women’s constructions of acceptable hegemonic and alternative masculinities,” Men and masculinities, vol. 13, iss. 2, pp. 255-278, 2010. doi:10.1177/1097184X09350408
Masculinity is often studied as produced and enacted by men, unintentionally positioning women as mere consumers of masculinity, rather than active agents in its construction. This study explored five young South African womenâ€™s constructions of masculinity in the contexts of work, friendships, family, and romantic relationships and the contextual variation of acceptable masculinity across contexts. While they advocated nonhegemonic â€˜â€˜nice guyâ€™â€™ masculinities in social and work contexts, they appealed strongly to â€˜â€˜hegemonicâ€™â€™ or traditional masculine ideals in romantic and family contexts. It seems that these women were particularly willing to accept subjugation to engage in ideals of romantic partnership congruent with emphasized femininity. This study demonstrates that (1) contextual variation is a very important feature in the production of hegemonic masculinity and (2) analyzing masculinity from womenâ€™s perspectives may provide valuable insight into the contribution that women make to the construction and maintenance of counterfeminist masculine ideals and identity frameworks.
@Article{Talbot2010,
author = {Talbot, Kirsten and Quayle, Michael},
title = {The Perils of Being a Nice Guy: Contextual Variation in Five Young Women's Constructions of Acceptable Hegemonic and Alternative Masculinities},
journal = {Men and Masculinities},
year = {2010},
volume = {13},
number = {2},
pages = {255-278},
abstract = {Masculinity is often studied as produced and enacted by men, unintentionally
positioning women as mere consumers of masculinity, rather than active
agents in its construction. This study explored five young South
African womenâ€™s constructions of masculinity in the contexts of
work, friendships, family, and romantic relationships and the contextual
variation of acceptable masculinity across contexts. While they advocated
nonhegemonic â€˜â€˜nice guyâ€™â€™ masculinities in social and work
contexts, they appealed strongly to â€˜â€˜hegemonicâ€™â€™ or traditional
masculine ideals in romantic and family contexts. It seems that these
women were particularly willing to accept subjugation to engage in
ideals of romantic partnership congruent with emphasized femininity.
This study demonstrates that (1) contextual variation is a very important
feature in the production of hegemonic masculinity and (2) analyzing
masculinity from womenâ€™s perspectives may provide valuable insight
into the contribution that women make to the construction and maintenance
of counterfeminist masculine ideals and identity frameworks.},
doi = {10.1177/1097184X09350408},
eprint = {http://jmm.sagepub.com/content/13/2/255.full.pdf+html},
file = {:Talbot & Quayle 2010 - Men & Masculinities Final published version.pdf:PDF},
}

### 2009

• K. Durrheim, J. Dixon, C. Tredoux, L. Eaton, M. Quayle, and B. Clack, “Predicting support for racial transformation policies: intergroup threat, racial prejudice, sense of group entitlement and strength of identification,” European journal of social psychology, vol. 41, iss. 1, pp. 23-41, 2009. doi:10.1002/ejsp.723
Policies and programs designed to challenge the effects of racial discrimination (such as affirmative action) are hotly contested. Factors which have been proposed to explain opposition to these policies include racial prejudice, group threat and self-interest, and perceptions of intergroup justice. We report the results of two random national telephone surveys which tested a theoretically based model of the predictors of policy support in post-apartheid South Africa. The results provided limited support for Blumer’s group position model. Compensatory and preferential treatment policies had different underlying predictors: Violated entitlement featured in the models of compensatory policy attitudes, but not preferential treatment policy attitudes, where threat was the strongest predictor. In addition to threat and violated entitlement, policy attitudes among the black sample were related to ingroup identification but those of the white sample were related to prejudice. The effects of these variables were in the opposite directions for the two samples: Policy support was associated with strong ingroup identification and high levels of threat among the black sample (i.e. prospective beneficiaries of the transformation policies), but with low levels of prejudice and threat among the white sample. We conclude by considering the implications that these findings have for social change programs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
@Article{Durrheim2009,
author = {Durrheim, Kevin and Dixon, John and Tredoux, Colin and Eaton, Liberty and Quayle, Michael and Clack, Beverley},
title = {Predicting support for racial transformation policies: Intergroup threat, racial prejudice, sense of group entitlement and strength of identification},
journal = {European Journal of Social Psychology},
year = {2009},
volume = {41},
number = {1},
pages = {23-41},
abstract = {Policies and programs designed to challenge the effects of racial
discrimination (such as affirmative action) are hotly contested.
Factors which have been proposed to explain opposition to these policies
include racial prejudice, group threat and self-interest, and perceptions
of intergroup justice. We report the results of two random national
telephone surveys which tested a theoretically based model of the
predictors of policy support in post-apartheid South Africa. The
results provided limited support for Blumer's group position model.
Compensatory and preferential treatment policies had different underlying
predictors: Violated entitlement featured in the models of compensatory
policy attitudes, but not preferential treatment policy attitudes,
where threat was the strongest predictor. In addition to threat and
violated entitlement, policy attitudes among the black sample were
related to ingroup identification but those of the white sample were
related to prejudice. The effects of these variables were in the
opposite directions for the two samples: Policy support was associated
with strong ingroup identification and high levels of threat among
the black sample (i.e. prospective beneficiaries of the transformation
policies), but with low levels of prejudice and threat among the
white sample. We conclude by considering the implications that these
& Sons, Ltd.},
doi = {10.1002/ejsp.723},
file = {Durrheim2009.pdf:Durrheim2009.pdf:PDF},
timestamp = {2010.04.27},
}
• G. Lindegger and M. Quayle, “Hiv/aids in south africa 25 years on,” , P. Rohleder, L. Swartz, S. C. Kalichman, and L. C. Simbayi, Eds., New york: springer, 2009, pp. 41-54.
@InBook{Lindegger2009,
chapter = {Masculinity and HIV/AIDS},
pages = {41-54},
title = {HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 years on},
publisher = {New York: Springer},
year = {2009},
author = {Graham Lindegger and Michael Quayle},
editor = {Poul Rohleder and Leslie Swartz and Seth C. Kalichman and Leickness Chisamu Simbayi},
file = {:Lindegger&Quayle_in_Rohleder_et_al_ch4.pdf:PDF},
owner = {QuayleM},
timestamp = {2012.07.06},
url = {http://michaelquayle.net/pubs/Lindegger%26Quayle2009_in_Rohleder_et_al_ch4.pdf},
}

### 2008

• M. Quayle and K. Durrheim, “Producing expertise and achieving attribution in the context of computer support,” British journal of social psychology, vol. 47, iss. 4, p. 727–762, 2008. doi:10.1348/014466607X256751
This study uses transcripts of interactions recorded between computer technicians and users to investigate the activities related to attribution and problem solving in the context of institutional computer support. We explore how achieving consensual attributions (in the context of diagnosis) is integral to managing moment-to-moment social demands, and how the outcomes are subject to negotiations about the definition of the problem and the nature of the social contract between interactants. We also show that these immediate interactional interests are subject to the longer-term ‘moral careers’ of the participants which are themselves subject to the roles, obligations, and concerns that participants have by virtue of their social and institutional positions. These immediate and longer-term layers of concern are interrelated and contingent, and all are important elements of how consensual attributions are socially accomplished in this context.
@Article{Quayle2008,
author = {Quayle, Michael and Durrheim, Kevin},
title = {Producing expertise and achieving attribution in the context of computer support},
journal = {British Journal of Social Psychology},
year = {2008},
volume = {47},
number = {4},
pages = {727--762},
issn = {2044-8309},
abstract = {This study uses transcripts of interactions recorded between computer
technicians and users to investigate the activities related to attribution
and problem solving in the context of institutional computer support.
We explore how achieving consensual attributions (in the context
of diagnosis) is integral to managing moment-to-moment social demands,
and how the outcomes are subject to negotiations about the definition
of the problem and the nature of the social contract between interactants.
We also show that these immediate interactional interests are subject
to the longer-term ‘moral careers’ of the participants which are
themselves subject to the roles, obligations, and concerns that participants
have by virtue of their social and institutional positions. These
immediate and longer-term layers of concern are interrelated and
contingent, and all are important elements of how consensual attributions
are socially accomplished in this context.},
doi = {10.1348/014466607X256751},
publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
timestamp = {2011.06.22},
}

### 2007

• G. Lindegger, M. Quayle, and M. Ndlovu, “Local knowledge and experiences of vaccination: implications for hiv-preventive vaccine trials in south africa,” Health education and behavior, vol. 34, iss. 1, pp. 108-123, 2007. doi:DOI: 10.1177/1090198105277852
@Article{Lindegger2007,
author = {Graham Lindegger and Michael Quayle and Moses Ndlovu},
title = {Local Knowledge and Experiences of Vaccination: Implications for HIV-Preventive Vaccine Trials in South Africa},
journal = {Health Education and Behavior},
year = {2007},
volume = {34},
number = {1},
pages = {108-123},
doi = {DOI: 10.1177/1090198105277852},
file = {Lindegger2007.pdf:Lindegger2007.pdf:PDF},
owner = {psycho},
timestamp = {2014.02.23},
}
• Z. Essack and M. Quayle, “Students’ perceptions of a university access (bridging) programme for social science, commerce and humanities : research article,” Perspectives in education, vol. 25, iss. 1, pp. 71-84, 2007.

Universities in South Africa face the challenge of redressing past (and continuing) inequalities in higher education by increasing accessibility to previously (and currently) disadvantaged students. One means of doing so is through 'access' or 'bridging' programmes. This article explores successful students' perceptions of one such programme at the University of KwaZulu- Natal by means of qualitative focus group interviews. This retrospective evaluation of the programme explores students' perspectives on the extent to which the Access Programme (AP) has 'bridged the gap' between secondary and tertiary education as well as any potential negative outcomes generated by the programme, e.g. perceptions of stigma. Results indicate that (1) interviewed students generally perceived the programme as beneficial and legitimate in preparing them for their degree studies, (2) the racial homogeneity and the isolation of AP students from mainstream students have resulted in some negative outcomes such as perceptions of stigmatisation and inferiority and (3) students enrolled in the programme and the programme management may have quite different perceptions of the nature of the 'articulation gap' that the programme aims to address.

@Article{Essack2007,
author = {Essack, Zaynab and Quayle, Michael},
title = {Students' perceptions of a university access (bridging) programme for social science, commerce and humanities : research article},
journal = {Perspectives in Education},
year = {2007},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {71-84},
issn = {0258-2236},
abstract = {Universities in South Africa face the challenge of redressing past (and continuing) inequalities in higher education by increasing accessibility to previously (and currently) disadvantaged students. One means of doing so is through 'access' or 'bridging' programmes. This article explores successful students' perceptions of one such programme at the University of KwaZulu- Natal by means of qualitative focus group interviews. This retrospective evaluation of the programme explores students' perspectives on the extent to which the Access Programme (AP) has 'bridged the gap' between secondary and tertiary education as well as any potential negative outcomes generated by the programme, e.g. perceptions of stigma. Results indicate that (1) interviewed students generally perceived the programme as beneficial and legitimate in preparing them for their degree studies, (2) the racial homogeneity and the isolation of AP students from mainstream students have resulted in some negative outcomes such as perceptions of stigmatisation and inferiority and (3) students enrolled in the programme and the programme management may have quite different perceptions of the nature of the 'articulation gap' that the programme aims to address.},
comment = {https://journals.co.za/content/persed/25/1/EJC87416},
language = {English},
owner = {Mike.quayle},
publicationname = {University of the Free State},
timestamp = {2017.04.27},
type = {Journal Article},
}

### 2006

• G. Lindegger, C. Milford, C. Slack, M. Quayle, X. Xaba, and E. Vardas, “Beyond the checklist: assessing understanding for hiv vaccine trial participation in south africa,” Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes, vol. 43, iss. 5, pp. 560-566, 2006. doi:10.1097/01.qai.0000247225.37752.f5
Objectives: Informed consent and understanding are essential ethical requirements for clinical trial participation. Traditional binary measures of understanding may be limited and not be the best measures of level of understanding. This study designed and compared 4 measures of understanding for potential participants being prepared for enrollment in South African HIV vaccine trials, using detailed operational scoring criteria. Methods: Assessment of understanding of 7 key trial components was compared via self-report, checklist, vignettes, and narrative measures. Fifty-nine participants, including members of vaccine preparedness groups and 1 HIV vaccine trial, took part. Results: There were significant differences across the measures for understanding of 5 components and for overall understanding. Highest scores were obtained on self-report and checklist measures, and lowest scores were obtained for vignettes and narrative descriptions. Conclusions: The findings suggest that levels of measured understanding are dependent on the tools used. Forced-choice measures like checklists tend to yield higher scores than open-ended measures like narratives or vignettes. Consideration should be given to complementing checklists and self-reports with open-ended measures, particularly for critical trial concepts, where the consequences of misunderstanding are potentially severe.
@Article{Lindegger2006,
author = {Lindegger, Graham and Milford, Cecilia and Slack, Catherine and Quayle, Michael and Xaba, Xolani and Vardas, Eftyhia},
title = {Beyond the Checklist: Assessing Understanding for HIV Vaccine Trial Participation in South Africa},
journal = {Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes},
year = {2006},
volume = {43},
number = {5},
pages = {560-566},
issn = {1525-4135},
abstract = {Objectives: Informed consent and understanding are essential ethical
requirements for clinical trial participation. Traditional binary
measures of understanding may be limited and not be the best measures
of level of understanding. This study designed and compared 4 measures
of understanding for potential participants being prepared for enrollment
in South African HIV vaccine trials, using detailed operational scoring
criteria. Methods: Assessment of understanding of 7 key trial components
was compared via self-report, checklist, vignettes, and narrative
measures. Fifty-nine participants, including members of vaccine preparedness
groups and 1 HIV vaccine trial, took part. Results: There were significant
differences across the measures for understanding of 5 components
and for overall understanding. Highest scores were obtained on self-report
and checklist measures, and lowest scores were obtained for vignettes
and narrative descriptions. Conclusions: The findings suggest that
levels of measured understanding are dependent on the tools used.
Forced-choice measures like checklists tend to yield higher scores
than open-ended measures like narratives or vignettes. Consideration
should be given to complementing checklists and self-reports with
open-ended measures, particularly for critical trial concepts, where
the consequences of misunderstanding are potentially severe.},
comment = {http://journals.lww.com/jaids/Fulltext/2006/12150/Beyond_the_Checklist__Assessing_Understanding_for.10.aspx},
doi = {10.1097/01.qai.0000247225.37752.f5},
file = {Lindegger2006.pdf:Lindegger2006.pdf:PDF},
keywords = {understanding, consent, HIV vaccine trials, ethics},
owner = {psycho},
refid = {00126334-200612150-00010},
timestamp = {2014.10.01},
url = {http://michaelquayle.net/pubs/Lindegger2006_etal_BeyondTheCheckList.pdf},
}
• M. Quayle and K. Durrheim, “When the chips are down: social and technical aspects of computer failure and repair,” Interacting with computers, vol. 18, iss. 6, pp. 1260-1277, 2006. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.intcom.2006.03.003
This paper explores computer failure as a social event by examining recorded interactions between computer users and help-desk consultants (technicians). It was found, first, that the nature of a failure was negotiated between participants rather than being simply technically evident. Failure was defined from users’ perspectives, in relation to what they were trying to achieve, rather than according to technical parameters. Secondly, negotiations of failure had social consequences for both users and help-desk consultants. Both avoided being seen as incompetent and actively defended their social standing. Thirdly, such social issues sometimes took precedence over technical and practical ones. The implications for HCI theorists and practitioners are twofold: firstly, failure should be accepted as a regular part of computer use in which human-computer interaction continues even though the interface may be non-functional. Secondly, the management of failure could be better addressed if technicians were trained in social as well as technical intervention skills.
@Article{Quayle2006,
author = {Michael Quayle and Kevin Durrheim},
title = {When the chips are down: Social and technical aspects of computer failure and repair},
journal = {Interacting with Computers},
year = {2006},
volume = {18},
number = {6},
pages = {1260 - 1277},
issn = {0953-5438},
note = {Special Issue: Symbiotic Performance between Humans and Intelligent Systems},
abstract = {This paper explores computer failure as a social event by examining
recorded interactions between computer users and help-desk consultants
(technicians). It was found, first, that the nature of a failure
was negotiated between participants rather than being simply technically
evident. Failure was defined from users' perspectives, in relation
to what they were trying to achieve, rather than according to technical
parameters. Secondly, negotiations of failure had social consequences
for both users and help-desk consultants. Both avoided being seen
as incompetent and actively defended their social standing. Thirdly,
such social issues sometimes took precedence over technical and practical
ones. The implications for HCI theorists and practitioners are twofold:
firstly, failure should be accepted as a regular part of computer
use in which human-computer interaction continues even though the
interface may be non-functional. Secondly, the management of failure
could be better addressed if technicians were trained in social as
well as technical intervention skills.},
doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.intcom.2006.03.003},
file = {:Quayle&Durrheim-INTCOM-Final.pdf:PDF},
keywords = {HCI},
timestamp = {2010.03.10},
}

### 2005

• K. Durrheim, M. Quayle, K. Whitehead, and A. Kriel, “Denying racism: discursive strategies used by the south african media,” Critical arts, vol. 19, iss. 1-2, p. 167–186, 2005. doi:10.1080/02560040585310111
Abstract In 1999 the South African media was the subject of a South African Human Rights Commission inquiry into racism. This article explores the discursive practices deployed by mainstream newspapers in response to these accusations of racism. It shows how several interlocking strategies of denial were used to remodel the field of racist practices and representations into a terrain suited to preserving white privilege. Specifically, the media used strategies of splitting, (dis)locating, relativising, trivialising, de-racialising and, ultimately, reversing racism. By constructing the terrain of racism in this way, the South African media were able to sidestep criticism by developing ?acceptable? arguments for reasonable prejudice that marginalise black experience. Abstract In 1999 the South African media was the subject of a South African Human Rights Commission inquiry into racism. This article explores the discursive practices deployed by mainstream newspapers in response to these accusations of racism. It shows how several interlocking strategies of denial were used to remodel the field of racist practices and representations into a terrain suited to preserving white privilege. Specifically, the media used strategies of splitting, (dis)locating, relativising, trivialising, de-racialising and, ultimately, reversing racism. By constructing the terrain of racism in this way, the South African media were able to sidestep criticism by developing ?acceptable? arguments for reasonable prejudice that marginalise black experience.
@Article{Durrheim2005,
author = {Durrheim, Kevin and Quayle, Michael and Whitehead, Kevin and Kriel, Anita},
title = {Denying racism: Discursive strategies used by the South African media},
journal = {Critical Arts},
year = {2005},
volume = {19},
number = {1-2},
pages = {167--186},
month = jan,
issn = {0256-0046},
abstract = {Abstract In 1999 the South African media was the subject of a South
explores the discursive practices deployed by mainstream newspapers
in response to these accusations of racism. It shows how several
interlocking strategies of denial were used to remodel the field
of racist practices and representations into a terrain suited to
preserving white privilege. Specifically, the media used strategies
of splitting, (dis)locating, relativising, trivialising, de-racialising
and, ultimately, reversing racism. By constructing the terrain of
racism in this way, the South African media were able to sidestep
criticism by developing ?acceptable? arguments for reasonable prejudice
that marginalise black experience. Abstract In 1999 the South African
media was the subject of a South African Human Rights Commission
deployed by mainstream newspapers in response to these accusations
of racism. It shows how several interlocking strategies of denial
were used to remodel the field of racist practices and representations
into a terrain suited to preserving white privilege. Specifically,
the media used strategies of splitting, (dis)locating, relativising,
trivialising, de-racialising and, ultimately, reversing racism. By
constructing the terrain of racism in this way, the South African
media were able to sidestep criticism by developing ?acceptable?
arguments for reasonable prejudice that marginalise black experience.},
booktitle = {Critical Arts},
comment = {doi: 10.1080/02560040585310111},
doi = {10.1080/02560040585310111},
}